Alexander Edward Bethell
Admiral THE HONOURABLE SIR Alexander Edward Bethell, G.C.M.G., K.C.B., Royal Navy (28 August, 1855 – 13 June, 1932) was an officer of the Royal Navy during the First World War.
Contents
Early Life & Career
Bethell was promoted to the rank of Lieutenant with seniority of 14 August, 1878.[1]
In 1878, Bethell was an officer on H.M.S. Atalanta on her first training voyage to the West Indies.[2]
Bethell was promoted to the rank of Commander on 31 December, 1891.[3]
Bethell was promoted to the rank of Captain on 30 June, 1898.[4]
For services in Somaliland Bethell was appointed an Additional Member of the Third Class, or Companion, of the Most Distinguished Order of Saint Michael and Saint George (C.M.G.) on 6 September, 1904.[5]
1906 Radiotelegraphic Conference and aftermath
Bethell was one of the Admiralty representatives in the British delegation at the 1906 Radiotelegraphic Conference, held in Berlin in October 1906. The conference was called to discuss the first international regulations of wireless communications and had been preceded by a preliminary conference held in Berlin in 1903. The British delegation were eight in number and one of the largest in number after Germany. They were represented by three representatives from the Post Office; three representatives from the Admiralty; and two representatives from the War Office. Bethell was then Assistant Director of Naval Ordnance.
Bethell was captain of Hindustan from December 1906 to January of 1908.[6]
Home Fleet and Flag Rank
On 10 January, 1908 Bethell was appointed Chief of Staff to the Commander-in-Chief, Home Fleet, Vice-Admiral Francis C. B. Bridgeman.[7] On 1 March, he was promoted to the rank of Rear-Admiral, vice Russell.[8]
Bethell was appointed to the Naval Intelligence Department, additional, on 17 February, 1909, and became Director of Naval Intelligence in succession to Rear-Admiral Edmond J. W. Slade on 3 March.[9]
He was appointed an Ordinary Member of the Second Class, or Knight Commander, of the Order of the Order of Saint Michael and Saint George (K.C.M.G.) on 1 January, 1912.[10]
East Indies
Bethell relieved Vice-Admiral Sir Edmond J. W. Slade as Commander-in-Chief on the East Indies Station on 5 February, 1912.[11]
War College
Having submitted Bethell's name for the King's approval, on 20 November, 1912, Churchill elaborated for the King's benefit on Bethell's suitability for the position:
Sir Alexander Bethell is specially qualified for the presidency of the War College from the fact that he has filled for a considerable period the position of Director of Naval Intelligence, which under the old system corresponded as nearly as possible to that of Chief of the War Staff. It is proposed that a very close connection shall exist between the War College and the War Staff in London. We do not want unnecessarily to widen the circle of officers who are privy to Admiralty secrets. Sir A. Bethell knows everything and can therefore guide the College in the right directions in tactical and strategic teaching without disclosing anything that ought to be kept secret. it is desirable to know everything in order to understand what to conceal. It is also desirable that the heads of the War Staff and War College should be able mutually to help each other.
I was agreeably surprised by the readiness of Sir A. Bethell to give up his lucrative East Indian command and know he is willing to do so, subject to the King's approval, only to get nearer the front line in case of trouble. In spite of his unimpressive manner he is an officer of first-rate ability. I am quite sure no better appointment is within reach at the present time.[12]
He was promoted to the rank of Vice-Admiral on 10 May, 1913, vice Adair.[13] On the occasion of King George V's birthday he was appointed an Ordinary Member of the Second Class, or Knight Commander, in the Military Division of the Order of the Bath (K.C.B.) on 22 June, 1914.[14]
Great War
On 17 January, 1915, Bethell was appointed in command of the Channel Fleet in succession to Vice-Admiral Sir Lewis Bayly.[15] On the following day the Prime Minister, Herbert H. Asquith, wrote to Venetia Stanley: "Winston tells me that they have recalled Lewis Bayly from the command of the Channel Fleet as a consequence of his loss of 'Formidable', & have put Admiral Bethell in his place. It is rather disquieting, for Bayly was supposed to be almost the pick of our younger Admirals. Bethell, whom I used to see on the C.I.D., is to my thinking no flier. We really seem to have better reserves in the way of Commanders in the Army than in the Navy."[16]
He was promoted to the rank of Admiral on 10 June, 1916.[17] Upon relinquishing the command at Plymouth he was appointed an Additional Member of the First Class, or Knight Grand Cross, of the Order of Saint Michael and Saint George (G.C.M.G.) on 2 August, 1918.[18] He was placed on the Retired List ostensibly at his own request on 1 September.[19]
Retirement
Bethell died in a London nursing home on 13 June, 1932, aged seventy-six.[20] His funeral took place on 17 June at Combe St. Nicholas, Chard. Amongst those present were Admirals Sir Montague E. Browning and Sir George Le C. Egerton.[21]
Footnotes
- ↑ The London Gazette: no. 24614. p. 4647. 16 August, 1878.
- ↑ The Atalanta. The Times (London, England), Wednesday, Aug 25, 1880; pg. 4; Issue 29969.
- ↑ The London Gazette: no. 26239. p. 3. 1 January, 1892.
- ↑ The London Gazette: no. 26983. p. 3983. 1 July, 1898.
- ↑ The London Gazette: no. 27711. p. 5776. 6 September, 1904.
- ↑ Mackie, Colin. ROYAL NAVY WARSHIPS.
- ↑ "Naval and Military Intelligence" (Official Appointments and Notices). The Times. Saturday, 21 December, 1907. Issue 38522, col B, p. 10.
- ↑ The London Gazette: no. 28115. p. 1496. 3 March, 1908.
- ↑ "Naval and Military Intelligence" (Official Appointments and Notices). The Times. Thursday, 14 January, 1909. Issue 38856, col E, p. 7.
- ↑ Edinburgh Gazette: no. 12421. p. 3. 2 January, 1912.
- ↑ "Naval and Military Intelligence" (Official Appointments and Notices). The Times. Monday, 15 January, 1912. Issue 39795, col C, p. 13.
- ↑ Winston S. Churchill. Companion Volume II. Part 3. pp. 1674-1675.
- ↑ The London Gazette: no. 28718. p. 3438. 13 May, 1913.
- ↑ The London Gazette: (Supplement) no. 28842. p. 4876. 22 June, 1914.
- ↑ "Squadrons and Senior Naval Officers in Existence on 11th November, 1918, and Which Have Now Ceased to Exist." The National Archives. ADM 6/461. Unnumbered folio.
- ↑ Quoted in Gilbert. Winston S. Churchill. Volume III. Companion Part I. p. 427.
- ↑ The London Gazette: (Supplement) no. 29621. p. 5828. 13 June, 1916.
- ↑ The London Gazette: no. 30825. p. 9109. 2 August, 1918.
- ↑ The London Gazette: no. 30887. p. 10549. 6 September, 1918.
- ↑ "Admiral Sir Alexander Bethell" (Obituaries). The Times. Wednesday, 15 June, 1932. Issue 46160, col C, p. 9.
- ↑ "Funeral and Memorial Services" (Obituaries). The Times. Monday, 20 June, 1932. Issue 46164, col E, p. 15.
Bibliography
- "Admiral Sir Alexander Bethell" (Obituaries). The Times. Wednesday, 15 June, 1932. Issue 46160, col C, pg. 9.
Papers
Service Records
- The National Archives. ADM 196/87.
- The National Archives. ADM 196/38.
- The National Archives. ADM 196/19.
See Also
Template:CatAdmiral- People
- People (UK)
- 1855 births
- 1932 deaths
- H.M.S. Britannia (Training Ship) Entrants of September, 1869
- Torpedo Officers
- Torpedo Officers (UK)
- Assistant Directors of Torpedoes (Royal Navy)
- Chiefs of the Staff to the Commander-in-Chief, Home Fleet (Royal Navy)
- Directors of Naval Intelligence (Royal Navy)
- Commanders-in-Chief on the East Indies Station
- Presidents of the Royal Naval War College
- Vice-Admirals Commanding, Sixth Battle Squadron (Royal Navy)
- Presidents of the Royal Naval College, Greenwich
- Admirals Commanding Coastguard and Reserves
- Commanders-in-Chief, Plymouth
