Difference between revisions of "H.M.S. Renown (1895)"
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| − | {| | + | <div name=fredbot:career>{{ShipCareer|fullname=H.M.S. ''Renown'' (1895)|fate2=Scrapped |
| − | | | + | |comm=Jan, 1897{{Conways1860|p. 34}} |
| − | + | |cat=SecondClassBattleship | |
| − | + | |launch=8 May, 1895{{Conways1860|p. 34}} | |
| − | | | + | |builder=[[Pembroke Royal Dockyard]]{{Conways1860|p. 34}} |
| − | | | + | |type=second class battleship |
| − | |[[Pembroke Royal Dockyard]] | + | |fate=Sold |
| − | | | + | |fatedate=1914{{Conways1860|p. 34}} |
| − | | | + | |order=1892-93 Programme{{Conways1860|p. 34}} |
| − | | | + | |chain=Battleships |
| − | | | + | |name=Renown |
| − | | | + | |laid=Feb, 1893{{Conways1860|p. 34}} |
| − | + | |nat=UK | |
| − | |- | + | |pend= |
| − | | | + | |fg=white|bg=crimson}}</div name=fredbot:career> |
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| − | | | + | |
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| − | |} | + | |
'''''Renown''''' was a slightly larger version of the previous [[Centurion Class Battleship (1892)|''Centurion'' class]], and sometimes is considered a member of that class. | '''''Renown''''' was a slightly larger version of the previous [[Centurion Class Battleship (1892)|''Centurion'' class]], and sometimes is considered a member of that class. | ||
| − | == | + | ==Service== |
| − | ''Renown'' was launched on 8 May, 1895, by Mrs. Balfour, wife of the Captain Superintendent of Pembroke Royal Dockyard, Captain [[Charles | + | ''Renown'' was launched on 8 May, 1895, by Mrs. Balfour, wife of the Captain Superintendent of [[Pembroke Royal Dockyard]], Captain [[Charles John Balfour|Charles J. Balfour]]. Her main propulsion machinery was provided by Messrs. Maudsley, Sons, and Field of Lambeth.<ref>"Naval and Military Intelligence" (Official Appointments and Notices). ''The Times''. Thursday, 9 May, 1895. Issue '''34572''', col C, p. 10.</ref> |
She was commissioned at Devonport on 8 June, 1897, by {{CaptRN}} [[Arthur William Moore|Arthur W. Moore]], with a complement of 699 officers and men.<ref>"Naval and Military Intelligence" (Official Appointments and Notices). ''The Times''. Wednesday, 9 June, 1897. Issue '''35225''', col C, p. 10.</ref> ''Renown'' flew the flag of Admiral [[Nowell Salmon|Sir Nowell Salmon]], [[Commander-in-Chief, Portsmouth]], on 26 June for the Fleet Review commemorating Queen Victoria's Diamond Jubilee, which he commanded.<ref>"The Naval Review at Spithead" (Official Appointments and Notices). ''The Times''. Friday, 25 June, 1897. Issue '''35239''', col A, p. 13.</ref> Captain [[Daniel McNab Riddel|Daniel McN. Riddel]] superseded Moore on 3 August,<ref>"Naval & Military Intelligence" (Official Appointments and Notices). ''The Times''. Wednesday, 28 July, 1897. Issue '''35267''', col E, p. 13.</ref> and at Portsmouth on 24 August Vice-Admiral [[John Arbuthnot Fisher, First Baron Fisher|Sir John A. Fisher]] hoisted his flag as Commander-in-Chief on the [[North America and West Indies Station]].<ref>"Naval & Military Intelligence" (Official Appointments and Notices). ''The Times''. Wednesday, 25 August, 1897. Issue '''35291''', col D, p. 5.</ref> | She was commissioned at Devonport on 8 June, 1897, by {{CaptRN}} [[Arthur William Moore|Arthur W. Moore]], with a complement of 699 officers and men.<ref>"Naval and Military Intelligence" (Official Appointments and Notices). ''The Times''. Wednesday, 9 June, 1897. Issue '''35225''', col C, p. 10.</ref> ''Renown'' flew the flag of Admiral [[Nowell Salmon|Sir Nowell Salmon]], [[Commander-in-Chief, Portsmouth]], on 26 June for the Fleet Review commemorating Queen Victoria's Diamond Jubilee, which he commanded.<ref>"The Naval Review at Spithead" (Official Appointments and Notices). ''The Times''. Friday, 25 June, 1897. Issue '''35239''', col A, p. 13.</ref> Captain [[Daniel McNab Riddel|Daniel McN. Riddel]] superseded Moore on 3 August,<ref>"Naval & Military Intelligence" (Official Appointments and Notices). ''The Times''. Wednesday, 28 July, 1897. Issue '''35267''', col E, p. 13.</ref> and at Portsmouth on 24 August Vice-Admiral [[John Arbuthnot Fisher, First Baron Fisher|Sir John A. Fisher]] hoisted his flag as Commander-in-Chief on the [[North America and West Indies Station]].<ref>"Naval & Military Intelligence" (Official Appointments and Notices). ''The Times''. Wednesday, 25 August, 1897. Issue '''35291''', col D, p. 5.</ref> | ||
Assistant Director of Naval Intelligence for Mobilisation, Captain [[Prince Louis of Battenberg]], wrote to Fisher's Chief of the Staff, Captain [[George Fowler King-Hall|George F. King-Hall]] on 15 April, 1900: "As to ''Renown'' she should not be the flagship; in fact, she ought to be in China. We want the biggest and best in Mediterranean; J.F. of course, won't part with his 'yacht', but it is quite wrong."<ref>Quoted in Kerr. p. 138.</ref> | Assistant Director of Naval Intelligence for Mobilisation, Captain [[Prince Louis of Battenberg]], wrote to Fisher's Chief of the Staff, Captain [[George Fowler King-Hall|George F. King-Hall]] on 15 April, 1900: "As to ''Renown'' she should not be the flagship; in fact, she ought to be in China. We want the biggest and best in Mediterranean; J.F. of course, won't part with his 'yacht', but it is quite wrong."<ref>Quoted in Kerr. p. 138.</ref> | ||
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==Armament== | ==Armament== | ||
| Line 46: | Line 32: | ||
===Secondary Battery=== | ===Secondary Battery=== | ||
| + | * ten 6-in Q.F. Mark II guns | ||
| + | |||
| + | In early 1905, it was approved that the 6-in guns in ''Majestics'' and later battleships should have "A" class cross connected sights, with one V.P. 7 to 21 scope and one 3 power illuminated scope in a body enlarged to V.P. size.{{PQDNO1905|pp. 489-91}} | ||
===Other Guns=== | ===Other Guns=== | ||
===Torpedoes=== | ===Torpedoes=== | ||
| − | + | There were originally five 18-in tubes:{{Conways1860|p. 34}} | |
| + | * one stern above water tube | ||
| + | * two submerged broadside tubes forward, depressed 1 degree and angled directly abeam; axis of tube was 10 foot 7 inches below load water line and 2 foot 5 inches above the deck. | ||
| + | * two submerged broadside tubes aft, depressed 1 degree and angled 20 degrees abaft the beam; axis of tube was 10 foot 7 inches below load water line and 2 foot 5 inches above the deck. | ||
''Renown'' fired torpedoes successfully during her trials while at high speed at 85-95 revolutions. The torpedoes from the forward tubes experienced 5 degrees deflection and the aft submerged tubes none at all. Even the above-water stern tube's fire was not drawn into the wake when under helm, as was commonly the case. {{ARTS1896|pp. 39, 41}} | ''Renown'' fired torpedoes successfully during her trials while at high speed at 85-95 revolutions. The torpedoes from the forward tubes experienced 5 degrees deflection and the aft submerged tubes none at all. Even the above-water stern tube's fire was not drawn into the wake when under helm, as was commonly the case. {{ARTS1896|pp. 39, 41}} | ||
| + | |||
| + | In October – December 1898, the ship became one of the first in the [[Royal Navy]] to receive torpedoes fitted for gyroscopes, drawn from the Portsmouth Depot. It is not entirely clear whether she received four or six torpedoes, but she only received two gyroscopes:{{ARTS1898|p. 42}} | ||
| + | * two (or four, less likely) {{Torp|18-in Mark IV|UK}}es, with Side Lugs, in October, half of which were manufactured by Whitehead | ||
| + | * two {{Torp|14-in Mark IX|UK}}es fitted with Side Lugs, in December | ||
In 1904, in a competition to investigate how rapidly submerged tubes could be fired four times sequentially, starting with the tube loaded and the bar out, the ship's crew did three trials, turning in times of 2:48, 5:05 and 2:37. The best time was achieved by {{UK-Cressy}} at 50.75 seconds, though 2:30 was more typical.{{ARTS1904|pp. 45-7}} | In 1904, in a competition to investigate how rapidly submerged tubes could be fired four times sequentially, starting with the tube loaded and the bar out, the ship's crew did three trials, turning in times of 2:48, 5:05 and 2:37. The best time was achieved by {{UK-Cressy}} at 50.75 seconds, though 2:30 was more typical.{{ARTS1904|pp. 45-7}} | ||
==Fire Control== | ==Fire Control== | ||
| − | Though it may have little relevance given the age difference, the general system of wiring between the T.S.es in ships prior to [[Lord Nelson Class Battleship (1906)|''Lord Nelson'' class]] is illustrated in ''Handbook for Fire Control Instruments, 1914'' | + | Though it may have little relevance given the age difference, the general system of wiring between the T.S.es in ships prior to [[Lord Nelson Class Battleship (1906)|''Lord Nelson'' class]] is illustrated in ''Handbook for Fire Control Instruments, 1914''{{HFCI1914|p. 50 & Plates 50 and 54(I)}}. |
===Rangefinders=== | ===Rangefinders=== | ||
| Line 70: | Line 66: | ||
===Local Control in Turrets=== | ===Local Control in Turrets=== | ||
| − | There was no provision in these ships for local turret control wherein the receivers in the turret could be driven by transmitters in the officer's position at the back of the turret | + | There was no provision in these ships for local turret control wherein the receivers in the turret could be driven by transmitters in the officer's position at the back of the turret{{HFCI1914|p. 50}}. |
===Transmitting Stations=== | ===Transmitting Stations=== | ||
===Dreyer Table=== | ===Dreyer Table=== | ||
| − | These ships never received Dreyer tables | + | These ships never received Dreyer tables{{DreyerH|p. 3}}. |
===Fire Control Instruments=== | ===Fire Control Instruments=== | ||
| − | In 1906, it was planned to equip ''Renown'' with Siemens Mark II equipment throughout,{{ARTS1906|p. 82}} and she may have received this equipment during or before 1909. | + | In 1906, it was planned to equip ''Renown'' with Siemens Mark II equipment throughout,{{ARTS1906|p. 82}} and she may have received this equipment during or before 1909.{{HFCI1909|p. 56}} It is possible that her details might similar to those of [[Canopus_Class_Battleship_(1896)#Fire Control Instruments|''Glory'']], adjusted for differences in armament and number of control positions.{{INF}} |
===Torpedo Control=== | ===Torpedo Control=== | ||
| Line 84: | Line 80: | ||
==Radio== | ==Radio== | ||
By 1901, she has a Marconi W/T set.{{ARTS1901|p. 111}} | By 1901, she has a Marconi W/T set.{{ARTS1901|p. 111}} | ||
| + | |||
| + | ==Captains== | ||
| + | Dates of appointment are provided when known. | ||
| + | <div name=fredbot:officeCapt otitle="Captain of H.M.S. ''Renown''"> | ||
| + | {{Tenure|rank={{CaptRN}}|name=Arthur William Moore|nick=Arthur W. Moore|appt=8 June, 1897<ref>"Naval & Military Intelligence" (Official Appointments and Notices). ''The Times''. Wednesday, 12 May, 1897. Issue '''35201''', col E, p. 13.</ref><ref>Moore Service Record. {{TNA|ADM 196/39.}} f. 915.</ref>|end=3 August, 1897<ref>Moore Service Record. {{TNA|ADM 196/39.}} f. 915.</ref>}} | ||
| + | {{Tenure|rank=Captain|name=Daniel McNab Riddel|nick=Daniel McN. Riddel|appt=3 August, 1897{{NLOct98|p. 287}}<ref>"Naval & Military Intelligence" (Official Appointments and Notices). ''The Times''. Wednesday, 28 July, 1897. Issue '''35267''', col E, p. 13.</ref>|end=19 March, 1900}} | ||
| + | {{Tenure|rank=Captain|name=Hugh Tyrwhitt|nick=The Hon. Hugh Tyrwhitt|appt=19 March, 1900<ref>"Naval & Military Intelligence" (Official Appointments and Notices). ''The Times''. Thursday, 15 March, 1900. Issue '''36090''', col E, p. 7.</ref>{{NLMay02|p. 297''a''}}|end=20 May, 1902{{NLMay02|p. 297''a''}}<ref>Farquhar Service Record. {{TNA|ADM 196/38.}} f. 444.</ref>}} | ||
| + | {{Tenure|rank=Captain|name=Arthur Murray Farquhar|nick=Arthur M. Farquhar|appt=20 May, 1902<ref>Farquhar Service Record. {{TNA|ADM 196/38.}} f. 444.</ref>|ass=14 June, 1902<ref>Farquhar Service Record. {{TNA|ADM 196/38.}} f. 444.</ref>|end=15 April, 1904<ref>Farquhar Service Record. {{TNA|ADM 196/38.}} f. 444.</ref>}} | ||
| + | {{Tenure|rank={{CaptRN}}|name=Thomas Benjamin Stratton Adair|nick=Thomas B. S. Adair|appt=18 July, 1904{{ToL|Appointments for the Naval Manoeuvres|Saturday, Jul 09, 1904; pg. 12; Issue 37442}}|end=12 September, 1904|note=for [[Annual Manoeuvres of 1904]]}} | ||
| + | {{Tenure|rank=Captain|name=Thomas Dawson Lees Sheppard|nick=Thomas D. L. Sheppard|appt=15 September, 1905<ref>Sheppard Service Record. {{TNA|ADM 196/42.}} f. 393.</ref>|end=1 June, 1906<ref>Sheppard Service Record. {{TNA|ADM 196/42.}} f. 393.</ref>}} | ||
| + | {{Tenure|rank=Captain|name=Frederick William Fane Hervey, Fourth Marquess of Bristol|nick=The Most Hon. The Marquess of Bristol|appt=15 October, 1907|end=17 December, 1907}} | ||
| + | {{Tenure|rank=Captain|name=Henry William Grant|nick=Henry W. Grant|appt=18 December, 1907<ref>Grant Service Record. {{TNA|ADM 196/43/69.|D7602414}} f. 76.</ref>|end=14 January, 1908<ref>Grant Service Record. {{TNA|ADM 196/43/69.|D7602414}} f. 76.</ref>}} | ||
| + | {{Tenure|rank={{CommRN}}|name=Richard Sullivan|nick=Richard Sullivan|appt=14 January, 1908{{NLOct08|p. 366}}|end=21 October, 1908}} | ||
| + | {{Tenure|rank={{CommRN}}|name=Herbert William James|nick=Herbert W. James|appt=2 November, 1908{{NLJul09|p. 366}}|end=1 July, 1909}} | ||
| + | {{Tenure|rank={{CommRN}}|name=William Nevill England|nick=William N. England|appt=October, 1909<ref>England Service Record. {{TNA|ADM 196/43.}} f. 271.</ref>|ass=26 November, 1909{{NLApr11|p. 366}}|end=14 June, 1912<ref>England Service Record. {{TNA|ADM 196/43.}} f. 271.</ref>}} | ||
| + | {{Tenure|rank={{CommRN}}|name=Charles Tibbits|nick=Charles Tibbits|appt=14 June, 1912<ref>Tibbits Service Record. {{TNA|ADM 196/43/243.|D7602576}} f. 268.</ref>{{NLAug12|p. 366}}|end=January, 1913<ref>Tibbits Service Record. {{TNA|ADM 196/43/243.|D7602576}} f. 268.</ref>}} | ||
| + | </div name=fredbot:officeCapt> | ||
==See Also== | ==See Also== | ||
| − | {{WP| | + | {{refbegin}} |
| + | {{WP|https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HMS_Renown_(1895)}} | ||
| + | {{refend}} | ||
==Footnotes== | ==Footnotes== | ||
| Line 117: | Line 132: | ||
name=Renown | name=Renown | ||
pend= | pend= | ||
| − | builder=[[Pembroke Royal Dockyard]] | + | builder=[[Pembroke Royal Dockyard]]{{Conways1860|p. 34}} |
| − | order= | + | order=1892-93 Programme{{Conways1860|p. 34}} |
| − | laid= | + | laid=Feb, 1893{{Conways1860|p. 34}} |
| − | launch=8 May, 1895 | + | launch=8 May, 1895{{Conways1860|p. 34}} |
| − | comm= | + | comm=Jan, 1897{{Conways1860|p. 34}} |
fate=Sold | fate=Sold | ||
fate2=Scrapped | fate2=Scrapped | ||
| − | fatedate=1914 | + | fatedate=1914{{Conways1860|p. 34}} |
} | } | ||
Latest revision as of 15:52, 21 December 2022
| H.M.S. Renown (1895) | |
|---|---|
| Builder: | Pembroke Royal Dockyard[1] |
| Ordered: | 1892-93 Programme[2] |
| Laid down: | Feb, 1893[3] |
| Launched: | 8 May, 1895[4] |
| Commissioned: | Jan, 1897[5] |
| Sold: | 1914[6] |
| Fate: | Scrapped |
Renown was a slightly larger version of the previous Centurion class, and sometimes is considered a member of that class.
Contents
Service
Renown was launched on 8 May, 1895, by Mrs. Balfour, wife of the Captain Superintendent of Pembroke Royal Dockyard, Captain Charles J. Balfour. Her main propulsion machinery was provided by Messrs. Maudsley, Sons, and Field of Lambeth.[7]
She was commissioned at Devonport on 8 June, 1897, by Captain Arthur W. Moore, with a complement of 699 officers and men.[8] Renown flew the flag of Admiral Sir Nowell Salmon, Commander-in-Chief, Portsmouth, on 26 June for the Fleet Review commemorating Queen Victoria's Diamond Jubilee, which he commanded.[9] Captain Daniel McN. Riddel superseded Moore on 3 August,[10] and at Portsmouth on 24 August Vice-Admiral Sir John A. Fisher hoisted his flag as Commander-in-Chief on the North America and West Indies Station.[11]
Assistant Director of Naval Intelligence for Mobilisation, Captain Prince Louis of Battenberg, wrote to Fisher's Chief of the Staff, Captain George F. King-Hall on 15 April, 1900: "As to Renown she should not be the flagship; in fact, she ought to be in China. We want the biggest and best in Mediterranean; J.F. of course, won't part with his 'yacht', but it is quite wrong."[12]
Armament
Main Battery
Each barbette had five electrical motors ammunition hoisting (though steam worked half this path) and gun elevation.[13] The 6-hp electrical shot hoist could lift the 400 pound cage which could hold one shell and 2 charges or two shells through 25.5 feet in the forward barbette and 21.5 feet in the aft barbette. The forward one could do this in 14 seconds.
The guns could only be electrically elevated by their 1.5-hp motors from the outboard sighting positions initially, though this may have been changed after 1896. The control was a spring-bolt centered handle rotated between 11 resistances for motion up or down, the centre one being "stop". One defect of this system was that the slow elevation speeds could only be selected after moving the handle from the centre to either of the high speed ranges.[14]
Secondary Battery
- ten 6-in Q.F. Mark II guns
In early 1905, it was approved that the 6-in guns in Majestics and later battleships should have "A" class cross connected sights, with one V.P. 7 to 21 scope and one 3 power illuminated scope in a body enlarged to V.P. size.[15]
Other Guns
Torpedoes
There were originally five 18-in tubes:[16]
- one stern above water tube
- two submerged broadside tubes forward, depressed 1 degree and angled directly abeam; axis of tube was 10 foot 7 inches below load water line and 2 foot 5 inches above the deck.
- two submerged broadside tubes aft, depressed 1 degree and angled 20 degrees abaft the beam; axis of tube was 10 foot 7 inches below load water line and 2 foot 5 inches above the deck.
Renown fired torpedoes successfully during her trials while at high speed at 85-95 revolutions. The torpedoes from the forward tubes experienced 5 degrees deflection and the aft submerged tubes none at all. Even the above-water stern tube's fire was not drawn into the wake when under helm, as was commonly the case. [17]
In October – December 1898, the ship became one of the first in the Royal Navy to receive torpedoes fitted for gyroscopes, drawn from the Portsmouth Depot. It is not entirely clear whether she received four or six torpedoes, but she only received two gyroscopes:[18]
- two (or four, less likely) 18-in Mark IV torpedoes, with Side Lugs, in October, half of which were manufactured by Whitehead
- two 14-in Mark IX torpedoes fitted with Side Lugs, in December
In 1904, in a competition to investigate how rapidly submerged tubes could be fired four times sequentially, starting with the tube loaded and the bar out, the ship's crew did three trials, turning in times of 2:48, 5:05 and 2:37. The best time was achieved by Cressy at 50.75 seconds, though 2:30 was more typical.[19]
Fire Control
Though it may have little relevance given the age difference, the general system of wiring between the T.S.es in ships prior to Lord Nelson class is illustrated in Handbook for Fire Control Instruments, 1914[20].
Rangefinders
Evershed Bearing Indicators
It is unlikely that this equipment was ever provided.[Inference]
Directors
These ships never received directors for main or secondary batteries[21].
Gunnery Control
Local Control in Turrets
There was no provision in these ships for local turret control wherein the receivers in the turret could be driven by transmitters in the officer's position at the back of the turret[22].
Transmitting Stations
Dreyer Table
These ships never received Dreyer tables[23].
Fire Control Instruments
In 1906, it was planned to equip Renown with Siemens Mark II equipment throughout,[24] and she may have received this equipment during or before 1909.[25] It is possible that her details might similar to those of Glory, adjusted for differences in armament and number of control positions.[Inference]
Torpedo Control
Radio
By 1901, she has a Marconi W/T set.[26]
Captains
Dates of appointment are provided when known.
- Captain Arthur W. Moore, 8 June, 1897[27][28] – 3 August, 1897[29]
- Captain Daniel McN. Riddel, 3 August, 1897[30][31] – 19 March, 1900
- Captain The Hon. Hugh Tyrwhitt, 19 March, 1900[32][33] – 20 May, 1902[34][35]
- Captain Arthur M. Farquhar, 20 May, 1902[36] – 15 April, 1904[37]
- Captain Thomas B. S. Adair, 18 July, 1904[38] – 12 September, 1904 (for Annual Manoeuvres of 1904)
- Captain Thomas D. L. Sheppard, 15 September, 1905[39] – 1 June, 1906[40]
- Captain The Most Hon. The Marquess of Bristol, 15 October, 1907 – 17 December, 1907
- Captain Henry W. Grant, 18 December, 1907[41] – 14 January, 1908[42]
- Commander Richard Sullivan, 14 January, 1908[43] – 21 October, 1908
- Commander Herbert W. James, 2 November, 1908[44] – 1 July, 1909
- Commander William N. England, October, 1909[45] – 14 June, 1912[46]
- Commander Charles Tibbits, 14 June, 1912[47][48] – January, 1913[49]
See Also
Footnotes
- ↑ Conway's All the World's Fighting Ships 1860–1905. p. 34.
- ↑ Conway's All the World's Fighting Ships 1860–1905. p. 34.
- ↑ Conway's All the World's Fighting Ships 1860–1905. p. 34.
- ↑ Conway's All the World's Fighting Ships 1860–1905. p. 34.
- ↑ Conway's All the World's Fighting Ships 1860–1905. p. 34.
- ↑ Conway's All the World's Fighting Ships 1860–1905. p. 34.
- ↑ "Naval and Military Intelligence" (Official Appointments and Notices). The Times. Thursday, 9 May, 1895. Issue 34572, col C, p. 10.
- ↑ "Naval and Military Intelligence" (Official Appointments and Notices). The Times. Wednesday, 9 June, 1897. Issue 35225, col C, p. 10.
- ↑ "The Naval Review at Spithead" (Official Appointments and Notices). The Times. Friday, 25 June, 1897. Issue 35239, col A, p. 13.
- ↑ "Naval & Military Intelligence" (Official Appointments and Notices). The Times. Wednesday, 28 July, 1897. Issue 35267, col E, p. 13.
- ↑ "Naval & Military Intelligence" (Official Appointments and Notices). The Times. Wednesday, 25 August, 1897. Issue 35291, col D, p. 5.
- ↑ Quoted in Kerr. p. 138.
- ↑ Annual Report of the Torpedo School, 1896. pp. 56-58, Plate 16.
- ↑ Annual Report of the Torpedo School, 1896. pp. 58.
- ↑ Principal Questions Dealt with by the Director of Naval Ordnance, 1905. pp. 489-91.
- ↑ Conway's All the World's Fighting Ships 1860–1905. p. 34.
- ↑ Annual Report of the Torpedo School, 1896. pp. 39, 41.
- ↑ Annual Report of the Torpedo School, 1898. p. 42.
- ↑ Annual Report of the Torpedo School, 1904. pp. 45-7.
- ↑ Handbook for Fire Control Instruments, 1914. p. 50 & Plates 50 and 54(I).
- ↑ Director Firing Handbook, 1917, pp. 142-3.
- ↑ Handbook for Fire Control Instruments, 1914. p. 50.
- ↑ Handbook of Captain F. C. Dreyer's Fire Control Tables, 1918. p. 3.
- ↑ Annual Report of the Torpedo School, 1906. p. 82.
- ↑ Handbook for Fire Control Instruments, 1909. p. 56.
- ↑ Annual Report of the Torpedo School, 1901. p. 111.
- ↑ "Naval & Military Intelligence" (Official Appointments and Notices). The Times. Wednesday, 12 May, 1897. Issue 35201, col E, p. 13.
- ↑ Moore Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/39. f. 915.
- ↑ Moore Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/39. f. 915.
- ↑ The Navy List. (October, 1898). p. 287.
- ↑ "Naval & Military Intelligence" (Official Appointments and Notices). The Times. Wednesday, 28 July, 1897. Issue 35267, col E, p. 13.
- ↑ "Naval & Military Intelligence" (Official Appointments and Notices). The Times. Thursday, 15 March, 1900. Issue 36090, col E, p. 7.
- ↑ The Navy List. (May, 1902). p. 297a.
- ↑ The Navy List. (May, 1902). p. 297a.
- ↑ Farquhar Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/38. f. 444.
- ↑ Farquhar Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/38. f. 444.
- ↑ Farquhar Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/38. f. 444.
- ↑ "Appointments for the Naval Manoeuvres." The Times (London, England), Saturday, Jul 09, 1904; pg. 12; Issue 37442.
- ↑ Sheppard Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/42. f. 393.
- ↑ Sheppard Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/42. f. 393.
- ↑ Grant Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/43/69. f. 76.
- ↑ Grant Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/43/69. f. 76.
- ↑ The Navy List. (October, 1908). p. 366.
- ↑ The Navy List. (July, 1909). p. 366.
- ↑ England Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/43. f. 271.
- ↑ England Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/43. f. 271.
- ↑ Tibbits Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/43/243. f. 268.
- ↑ The Navy List. (August, 1912). p. 366.
- ↑ Tibbits Service Record. The National Archives. ADM 196/43/243. f. 268.
Bibliography
- Chesneau, Robert; Kolesnik, Eugene (editors) (1979). Conway's All the World's Fighting Ships 1860–1905. London: Conway Maritime Press. (on Amazon.com and Amazon.co.uk).
- Kerr, Mark (1934). Prince Louis of Battenberg: Admiral of the Fleet. London: Longmans, Green and Co..
- Parkes, O.B.E., Ass.I.N.A., Dr. Oscar (1990). British Battleships 1860–1950. London: Pen & Sword Ltd. ISBN 0850526043. (on Bookfinder.com).
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